anthem
英 ['?nθ?m]
美 ['?nθ?m]
助記提示
1. 該詞是由 antiphon 簡化、音變而來。
2. anti- => ant-, ph => f => h, o => e, n => m.
3. 其本義為：輪流吟唱的圣歌、頌歌、贊美詩等。
4. antiphon: anti- "over against" + phon- "voice" => "a verse or song sung responsively", 其簡單直譯就是：對唱、唱對臺戲，由此引申為輪流吟唱的作品。
5. 該詞的含義在其本已的基礎上逐步泛化，也就是泛指各種圣歌、頌歌、贊歌、贊美詩、甚至是國歌。
6. Anthem：俺頌。俺來歌頌上帝----圣歌，贊美歌。
7. 【記】an theme 主旋律,主題曲；音：俺圣母，天主教徒圣歌就是唱“俺圣母”
中文詞源
anthem 國歌來自希臘詞antiphona傳入古英語的變體。前綴anti-, 相對。詞根phone, 聲音，歌。指對歌，神圣的音樂。后在英語里特指國歌。
英文詞源
- anthem
- anthem: [OE] Anthem is ultimately an alteration of antiphon ‘scriptural verse said or sung as a response’ (which was independently reborrowed into English from ecclesiastical Latin in the 15th century). It comes from Greek antíphōnos ‘responsive’, a compound formed from anti- ‘against’ and phōné ‘sound’ (source of English phonetic, telephone, etc).
By the time it had become established in Old English, antiphon had already developed to antefn, and gradually the /v/ sound of the f became assimilated to the following n, producing antemne and eventually antem. The spelling with th begins to appear in the 15th century, perhaps influenced by Old French anthaine; it gradually altered the pronunciation.
The meaning ‘antiphon’ died out in the 18th century, having been succeeded by ‘piece of choral church music’ and more generally ‘song of praise’. The specific application to a ‘national song’ began in the 19th century.
=> antiphon, phonetic, telephone - anthem (n.)
- Old English ontemn, antefn, "a composition (in prose or verse) sung antiphonally," from Late Latin antefana, from Greek antiphona "verse response" (see antiphon). Sense evolved to "a composition set to sacred music" (late 14c.), then "song of praise or gladness" (1590s). Used in reference to the English national song (technically, as OED points out, a hymn) and extended to those of other nations. Modern spelling is from late 16c., perhaps an attempt to make the word look more Greek.
雙語例句
- 1. At his bidding, the delegates rose and sang the national anthem.
- 按照他的要求，代表們起立唱國歌。
來自柯林斯例句
- 2. During the playing of the national anthem the crowd roared and whistled.
- 在播放國歌的時候，人們喊叫著，吹著口哨。
來自柯林斯例句
- 3. And then the orchestra struck up the National Anthem.
- 然后管弦樂隊奏起了國歌。
來自柯林斯例句
- 4. They were to fire a salvo of blanks, after the national anthem.
- 奏完國歌后，他們將同時發射空彈。
來自柯林斯例句
- 5. The European anthem was played at the opening and closing ceremonies.
- 歐洲頌歌在開幕式和閉幕式上演奏。
來自《權威詞典》