bishop
英 ['b???p]
美 ['b???p]
助記提示
1、epi- "over" + skopos "watcher" (scop-) => Greek episkopos "watcher, overseer" => Late Latin episcopus => bishop (詞首字母e脫落，p變b，sc變成sh)。
2、epi- + scop- => episcop => piscop => biscop => bishop.
3、episkopos is a title for various government officials, later taken over in a Church sense.
4、該詞原意是指看管、掌管什么東西、什么事兒的官職、頭銜，后來就主要用于表示基督教中的職位、頭銜；其實，主教之職說通俗點兒，就有點兒像教中的長老、護法啊之類的職位。
5. 擁有2家商店的人.
中文詞源
bishop 主教來自拉丁詞episcopus. 前綴epi-, 在...上，詞根scope, 看，同spect, 字母p,c置換。指宗教的監督者，監管者。
英文詞源
- bishop
- bishop: [OE] Bishop originally had no ecclesiastical connections; its Greek source, episkopos, at first meant simply ‘overseer’, from epi- ‘around’ and skopein ‘look’ (antecedent of English scope, and related to spy). From the general sense, it came to be applied as the term for various government officials, and was waiting to be called into service for a ‘church officer’ as Christianity came into being and grew. The Greek word was borrowed into ecclesiastical Latin as episcopus (source of French évêque), and in more popular parlance lost its e-, giving *biscopus, which was acquired by English in the 9th century.
=> scope, spy - bishop (n.)
- Old English bisceop "bishop, high priest (Jewish or pagan)," from Late Latin episcopus, from Greek episkopos "watcher, overseer," a title for various government officials, later taken over in a Church sense, from epi- "over" (see epi-) + skopos "one that watches, one that looks after; a guardian, protector" (see scope (n.1)). Given a specific sense in the Church, but the word also was used in the New Testament as a descriptive title for elders, and continues as such in some non-hierarchical Christian sects.
A curious example of word-change, as effected by the genius of different tongues, is furnished by the English bishop and the French évêque. Both are from the same root, furnishing, perhaps the only example of two words from a common stem so modifying themselves in historical times as not to have a letter in common. (Of course many words from a far off Aryan stem are in the same condition.) The English strikes off the initial and terminal syllables, leaving only piscop, which the Saxon preference for the softer labial and hissing sounds modified into bishop. évêque (formerly evesque) merely softens the p into v and drops the last syllable. [William S. Walsh, "Handy-Book of Literary Curiosities," Philadelphia, J.B. Lippincott, 1892]
Late Latin episcopus in Spanish became obispo. Cognate with Old Saxon biscop, Old High German biscof. The chess piece (formerly archer, before that alfin) was so called from 1560s.
雙語例句
- 1. Bishop Daly said he was devastated by news of the Cardinal's death.
- 戴利主教說他聽到紅衣主教去世的消息后感到極為震驚和難過。
來自柯林斯例句
- 2. I've heard a whisper that the Bishop intends to leave.
- 我聽到有謠傳說主教打算離開.
來自柯林斯例句
- 3. A new Catholic bishop was installed in Galway yesterday.
- 昨天在戈爾韋任命了一位新的天主教主教。
來自柯林斯例句
- 4. The Bishop directed the faithful to stay at home.
- 主教要求信徒們呆在家中。
來自柯林斯例句
- 5. The Bishop said he was sickened by the severity of the sentence.
- 主教說他對如此重的量刑大為震驚。
來自柯林斯例句