kaput是什么意思

kaput

英 [k?'p?t] 美

adj. 過時(shí)的；故障的；失敗了的；壞了的

暢通詞匯

中文詞源

kaput 完蛋

來自德語kaputt,毀掉的，失去的，來自法語capot,帽子，詞源同cap.可能來自一種賭博游戲或水手俚語，委婉的指翻船，因船翻后如同一頂帽子而引申該詞義。

英文詞源

kaput (adj.): "finished, worn out, dead," 1895, from German kaputt "destroyed, ruined, lost" (1640s), which in this sense probably is a misunderstanding of the phrase capot machen, a partial translation of French faire capot, a phrase which meant "to win all the tricks (from the other player) in piquet," an obsolete card game. Literally "to make a bonnet;" perhaps the notion is throwing a hood over the other player, but faire capot also meant in French marine jargon "to overset in a squall when under sail." The word was popularized in English during World War I.
"Kaput" -- a slang word in common use which corresponds roughly to the English "done in," the French "fichu." Everything enemy was "kaput" in the early days of German victories. [F. Britten Austin, "According to Orders," New York, 1919]
French capot is literally "cover, bonnet," also the name of a type of greatcloak worn by sailors and soldiers (see capote). The card-playing sense attested in German only from 1690s, but capot in the (presumably) transferred sense of "destroyed, ruined, lost" is attested from 1640s. [see William Jervis Jones, "A Lexicon of French Borrowings in the German Vocabulary (1575-1648)," Berlin, de Gruyter, 1976]. In Hoyle and other English gaming sources, faire capot is "to win all the tricks," and a different phrase, être capot, "to be a bonnet," is sometimes cited as the term for losing them. The sense reversal in German might have come about because if someone wins all the tricks the other player has to lose them, and the same word capot, when it entered English from French in the mid-17c. meant "to score a cabot against; to win all the tricks from."
"There are others, says a third, that have played with my Lady Lurewell at picquet besides my lord; I have capotted her myself two or three times in an evening." [George Farquhar (1677-1707), "Sir Harry Wildair"]

雙語例句

1. He finally admitted that his film career was kaput.: 他最終承認(rèn)他的電影生涯走到盡頭了。

2. "What's happened to your car?"—-"It's kaput.": “你的車怎么了？”——“壞了。”

3. The car's kaput we'll have to walk.: 汽車壞了--我們只好步行.

4. This battle must be kaput.: 這場戰(zhàn)役肯定要失敗的.

5. That is because the mess has revealed a far deeper problem: their business model is kaput.: 正是因?yàn)檫@場混亂揭示了一個(gè)更加深遠(yuǎn)的問題: 他們的商業(yè)模式過時(shí)了.

kaput是什么意思

kaput

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