phlegm是什么意思

phlegm

英 [flem] 美 [fl?m]

n. 痰；粘液；粘液質(zhì)

暢通詞匯

中文詞源

phlegm 痰，冷淡，遲鈍，冷靜，鎮(zhèn)定

來自拉丁語phlegma,痰，黏液（古醫(yī)學(xué)體液理論構(gòu)成人體的血液，黏液，膽汁，黑膽汁四種體液之一），來自希臘語phlegma,發(fā)熱，由體熱所致的多痰癥，來自phlegein,燃燒，發(fā)熱，來自PIE*bhel,照耀，燃燒，詞源同blaze,bleach.后在中世紀(jì)醫(yī)學(xué)理論認(rèn)為體內(nèi)多痰會致人冷淡，遲鈍，但是，被誤解為冷淡是冷靜，鎮(zhèn)定的表現(xiàn)，因此，產(chǎn)生模糊和矛盾的詞義。

英文詞源

phlegm: phlegm: [14] Greek phlégma denoted ‘bodily fluid produced by inflammation’ (it was a derivative of phlégein ‘burn’, which went back to the same Indo-European base as produced English flagrant, flame, fulminate, and phlox [18] – in Greek literally ‘flame’). As Latin phlegma it came to be used for ‘body fluid’ in general, and was incorporated into the medieval system of bodily humours as a term for the ‘cold moist humour’, which induced sluggishness (whence the meaning of the derivative phlegmatic [16]).

This came to be associated in the late Middle Ages with ‘mucus, particularly as produced in the respiratory passage’. English acquired the word via Old French fleume as fleume, and did not revert to the latinate form until the 16th century.
=> flagrant, flame, fulminate, phlox
phlegm (n.): late 14c., fleem "viscid mucus" (the stuff itself and also regarded as a bodily humor), from Old French fleume (13c., Modern French flegme), from Late Latin phlegma, one of the four humors of the body, from Greek phlegma "humor caused by heat," lit "inflammation, heat," from phlegein "to burn," related to phlox (genitive phlogos) "flame, blaze," from PIE *bhleg- "to shine, flash," from root *bhel- (1) "to shine, flash, burn" (see bleach (v.)). Modern form is attested from c. 1660. The "cold, moist" humor of the body, in medieval physiology, it was believed to cause apathy.

雙語例句

1. His throat congested with phlegm.: 他的喉嚨被痰塞住了.

2. Blood in phlegm can be a sign of lung cancer.: 痰中帶血可能是肺癌的體征.

3. When did you first notice blood in your phlegm?: 你什么時(shí)候開始發(fā)現(xiàn)你的痰里有血的?

4. He coughs up a lot of phlegm thick spit on most days.: 他多半時(shí)間咳出濃濃的痰.

5. Slight yellow greasy coating indicates much phlegm and dampness.: 微黃厚膩苔--較多內(nèi)生有形痰濕.

phlegm是什么意思

phlegm

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